How do I read line by line in a file using while loop, and in each iteration, grep each line to compare to a...











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2
down vote

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I have a file called abc.txt with the contents as follows:



1: It is a shell script
2: There are few lines in this file
3: I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell
4: We are going towards end of file
5: END OF FILE


I want to read each of the file iteratively, and in each iteration I want to compare the line with "I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell", and then do some processing.



Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!










share|improve this question


























    up vote
    2
    down vote

    favorite












    I have a file called abc.txt with the contents as follows:



    1: It is a shell script
    2: There are few lines in this file
    3: I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell
    4: We are going towards end of file
    5: END OF FILE


    I want to read each of the file iteratively, and in each iteration I want to compare the line with "I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell", and then do some processing.



    Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!










    share|improve this question
























      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite











      I have a file called abc.txt with the contents as follows:



      1: It is a shell script
      2: There are few lines in this file
      3: I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell
      4: We are going towards end of file
      5: END OF FILE


      I want to read each of the file iteratively, and in each iteration I want to compare the line with "I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell", and then do some processing.



      Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!










      share|improve this question













      I have a file called abc.txt with the contents as follows:



      1: It is a shell script
      2: There are few lines in this file
      3: I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell
      4: We are going towards end of file
      5: END OF FILE


      I want to read each of the file iteratively, and in each iteration I want to compare the line with "I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell", and then do some processing.



      Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!







      command-line grep






      share|improve this question













      share|improve this question











      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question










      asked Dec 4 at 17:32









      ShellyBelly

      656




      656






















          2 Answers
          2






          active

          oldest

          votes

















          up vote
          7
          down vote













          Using a shell loop is unnecessary, as grep already iterates over lines:



          grep '^[0-9]:  I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell' input.txt


          If there's a matching line, it will be printed. [0-9] defines range of characters that will be matched. We can also extend that to longer numbers [0-9]*: (and I think with perl regex -P option that could be done as [0-9]+:).



          If a shell loop is really necessary, we can use case statement for pattern matching



          while IFS= read -r line; do
          case $line in
          *": I am good with programming in C") echo "Matched: $line";;
          esac
          done < input.xt





          share|improve this answer























          • ^[0-9]: isn't needed at all either, it seems.
            – Michael Hampton
            Dec 5 at 3:01










          • @MichaelHampton To be fair, yes, in this case not needed at all - user can get away with just .*I am good with programming in C or just pick a unique word from that sentence. Or even grep 'C.*shell'. There's no and statement in grep, but we could get away with grep 'shell' | grep 'C' . Of course, everything depends on user's input data to construct a proper regex pattern.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 4:48










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy, See this question, this is exactly what I need. Please help! askubuntu.com/questions/1098503/…
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 5 at 20:35




















          up vote
          7
          down vote













          Try this sample code to help identify and modify to suit your needs:



          #!/usr/bin/env bash
          set -e
          set -x

          while read -r linenum line
          do
          if [ "$line" = "I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell" ]
          then
          # Process things here
          echo "same"
          fi
          done < "$1"


          Usage:





          • Make executable:



            chmod +x script.sh



          • Place script in any folder then run script by passing a file to it:



            ./script.sh /path/to/data.txt



          Info:





          • -r: Option passed to read command prevents backslash escapes from being interpreted.


          • set -e: Bash option to stop script on first error.


          • set -x: Bash option used to debug the scrtip.


          • "$1": The file variable passed to the script in this case data.txt


          • linenum: variable that holds the line numbers when bash splits the read lines into two variables while the other is passed in via the lin variable.






          share|improve this answer



















          • 1




            @George So you're using -d" " to split on whitespace and cut all lines starting from the second one. I'd suggest another way: while IFS= read -r linenum line. The shell will perform wordsplitting on the input line and place first item ( line numbers ) into linenum variable, but all other things will go into line variable. Aside from other things, case statement can be used as alternative to [[ comparison.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:44










          • Can I implement this script in #!/bin/sh ?
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 4 at 18:49










          • @AkshayNandi Yes, but you need to change [[ to [ because [[ is specific to bash. See my answer for portable solution
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:52










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy I tried that it didn't do so on the word splitting.
            – George Udosen
            Dec 4 at 19:36






          • 1




            @GeorgeUdosen Ah, yes, I found the issue - it's because of IFS=. It unsets the variable temporarily, which is what is used for word splitting. IFS defaults to whitespace,tab,and newline. And it's a habit, but also for a good reason, to unset it - if there's a leading whitespace ( line starts with space ) it would be gone without IFS=
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 0:07











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          2 Answers
          2






          active

          oldest

          votes








          2 Answers
          2






          active

          oldest

          votes









          active

          oldest

          votes






          active

          oldest

          votes








          up vote
          7
          down vote













          Using a shell loop is unnecessary, as grep already iterates over lines:



          grep '^[0-9]:  I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell' input.txt


          If there's a matching line, it will be printed. [0-9] defines range of characters that will be matched. We can also extend that to longer numbers [0-9]*: (and I think with perl regex -P option that could be done as [0-9]+:).



          If a shell loop is really necessary, we can use case statement for pattern matching



          while IFS= read -r line; do
          case $line in
          *": I am good with programming in C") echo "Matched: $line";;
          esac
          done < input.xt





          share|improve this answer























          • ^[0-9]: isn't needed at all either, it seems.
            – Michael Hampton
            Dec 5 at 3:01










          • @MichaelHampton To be fair, yes, in this case not needed at all - user can get away with just .*I am good with programming in C or just pick a unique word from that sentence. Or even grep 'C.*shell'. There's no and statement in grep, but we could get away with grep 'shell' | grep 'C' . Of course, everything depends on user's input data to construct a proper regex pattern.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 4:48










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy, See this question, this is exactly what I need. Please help! askubuntu.com/questions/1098503/…
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 5 at 20:35

















          up vote
          7
          down vote













          Using a shell loop is unnecessary, as grep already iterates over lines:



          grep '^[0-9]:  I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell' input.txt


          If there's a matching line, it will be printed. [0-9] defines range of characters that will be matched. We can also extend that to longer numbers [0-9]*: (and I think with perl regex -P option that could be done as [0-9]+:).



          If a shell loop is really necessary, we can use case statement for pattern matching



          while IFS= read -r line; do
          case $line in
          *": I am good with programming in C") echo "Matched: $line";;
          esac
          done < input.xt





          share|improve this answer























          • ^[0-9]: isn't needed at all either, it seems.
            – Michael Hampton
            Dec 5 at 3:01










          • @MichaelHampton To be fair, yes, in this case not needed at all - user can get away with just .*I am good with programming in C or just pick a unique word from that sentence. Or even grep 'C.*shell'. There's no and statement in grep, but we could get away with grep 'shell' | grep 'C' . Of course, everything depends on user's input data to construct a proper regex pattern.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 4:48










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy, See this question, this is exactly what I need. Please help! askubuntu.com/questions/1098503/…
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 5 at 20:35















          up vote
          7
          down vote










          up vote
          7
          down vote









          Using a shell loop is unnecessary, as grep already iterates over lines:



          grep '^[0-9]:  I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell' input.txt


          If there's a matching line, it will be printed. [0-9] defines range of characters that will be matched. We can also extend that to longer numbers [0-9]*: (and I think with perl regex -P option that could be done as [0-9]+:).



          If a shell loop is really necessary, we can use case statement for pattern matching



          while IFS= read -r line; do
          case $line in
          *": I am good with programming in C") echo "Matched: $line";;
          esac
          done < input.xt





          share|improve this answer














          Using a shell loop is unnecessary, as grep already iterates over lines:



          grep '^[0-9]:  I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell' input.txt


          If there's a matching line, it will be printed. [0-9] defines range of characters that will be matched. We can also extend that to longer numbers [0-9]*: (and I think with perl regex -P option that could be done as [0-9]+:).



          If a shell loop is really necessary, we can use case statement for pattern matching



          while IFS= read -r line; do
          case $line in
          *": I am good with programming in C") echo "Matched: $line";;
          esac
          done < input.xt






          share|improve this answer














          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited Dec 4 at 19:21









          dessert

          21.6k55896




          21.6k55896










          answered Dec 4 at 18:52









          Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy

          68.8k9143303




          68.8k9143303












          • ^[0-9]: isn't needed at all either, it seems.
            – Michael Hampton
            Dec 5 at 3:01










          • @MichaelHampton To be fair, yes, in this case not needed at all - user can get away with just .*I am good with programming in C or just pick a unique word from that sentence. Or even grep 'C.*shell'. There's no and statement in grep, but we could get away with grep 'shell' | grep 'C' . Of course, everything depends on user's input data to construct a proper regex pattern.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 4:48










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy, See this question, this is exactly what I need. Please help! askubuntu.com/questions/1098503/…
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 5 at 20:35




















          • ^[0-9]: isn't needed at all either, it seems.
            – Michael Hampton
            Dec 5 at 3:01










          • @MichaelHampton To be fair, yes, in this case not needed at all - user can get away with just .*I am good with programming in C or just pick a unique word from that sentence. Or even grep 'C.*shell'. There's no and statement in grep, but we could get away with grep 'shell' | grep 'C' . Of course, everything depends on user's input data to construct a proper regex pattern.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 4:48










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy, See this question, this is exactly what I need. Please help! askubuntu.com/questions/1098503/…
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 5 at 20:35


















          ^[0-9]: isn't needed at all either, it seems.
          – Michael Hampton
          Dec 5 at 3:01




          ^[0-9]: isn't needed at all either, it seems.
          – Michael Hampton
          Dec 5 at 3:01












          @MichaelHampton To be fair, yes, in this case not needed at all - user can get away with just .*I am good with programming in C or just pick a unique word from that sentence. Or even grep 'C.*shell'. There's no and statement in grep, but we could get away with grep 'shell' | grep 'C' . Of course, everything depends on user's input data to construct a proper regex pattern.
          – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
          Dec 5 at 4:48




          @MichaelHampton To be fair, yes, in this case not needed at all - user can get away with just .*I am good with programming in C or just pick a unique word from that sentence. Or even grep 'C.*shell'. There's no and statement in grep, but we could get away with grep 'shell' | grep 'C' . Of course, everything depends on user's input data to construct a proper regex pattern.
          – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
          Dec 5 at 4:48












          @SergiyKolodyazhnyy, See this question, this is exactly what I need. Please help! askubuntu.com/questions/1098503/…
          – ShellyBelly
          Dec 5 at 20:35






          @SergiyKolodyazhnyy, See this question, this is exactly what I need. Please help! askubuntu.com/questions/1098503/…
          – ShellyBelly
          Dec 5 at 20:35














          up vote
          7
          down vote













          Try this sample code to help identify and modify to suit your needs:



          #!/usr/bin/env bash
          set -e
          set -x

          while read -r linenum line
          do
          if [ "$line" = "I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell" ]
          then
          # Process things here
          echo "same"
          fi
          done < "$1"


          Usage:





          • Make executable:



            chmod +x script.sh



          • Place script in any folder then run script by passing a file to it:



            ./script.sh /path/to/data.txt



          Info:





          • -r: Option passed to read command prevents backslash escapes from being interpreted.


          • set -e: Bash option to stop script on first error.


          • set -x: Bash option used to debug the scrtip.


          • "$1": The file variable passed to the script in this case data.txt


          • linenum: variable that holds the line numbers when bash splits the read lines into two variables while the other is passed in via the lin variable.






          share|improve this answer



















          • 1




            @George So you're using -d" " to split on whitespace and cut all lines starting from the second one. I'd suggest another way: while IFS= read -r linenum line. The shell will perform wordsplitting on the input line and place first item ( line numbers ) into linenum variable, but all other things will go into line variable. Aside from other things, case statement can be used as alternative to [[ comparison.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:44










          • Can I implement this script in #!/bin/sh ?
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 4 at 18:49










          • @AkshayNandi Yes, but you need to change [[ to [ because [[ is specific to bash. See my answer for portable solution
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:52










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy I tried that it didn't do so on the word splitting.
            – George Udosen
            Dec 4 at 19:36






          • 1




            @GeorgeUdosen Ah, yes, I found the issue - it's because of IFS=. It unsets the variable temporarily, which is what is used for word splitting. IFS defaults to whitespace,tab,and newline. And it's a habit, but also for a good reason, to unset it - if there's a leading whitespace ( line starts with space ) it would be gone without IFS=
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 0:07















          up vote
          7
          down vote













          Try this sample code to help identify and modify to suit your needs:



          #!/usr/bin/env bash
          set -e
          set -x

          while read -r linenum line
          do
          if [ "$line" = "I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell" ]
          then
          # Process things here
          echo "same"
          fi
          done < "$1"


          Usage:





          • Make executable:



            chmod +x script.sh



          • Place script in any folder then run script by passing a file to it:



            ./script.sh /path/to/data.txt



          Info:





          • -r: Option passed to read command prevents backslash escapes from being interpreted.


          • set -e: Bash option to stop script on first error.


          • set -x: Bash option used to debug the scrtip.


          • "$1": The file variable passed to the script in this case data.txt


          • linenum: variable that holds the line numbers when bash splits the read lines into two variables while the other is passed in via the lin variable.






          share|improve this answer



















          • 1




            @George So you're using -d" " to split on whitespace and cut all lines starting from the second one. I'd suggest another way: while IFS= read -r linenum line. The shell will perform wordsplitting on the input line and place first item ( line numbers ) into linenum variable, but all other things will go into line variable. Aside from other things, case statement can be used as alternative to [[ comparison.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:44










          • Can I implement this script in #!/bin/sh ?
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 4 at 18:49










          • @AkshayNandi Yes, but you need to change [[ to [ because [[ is specific to bash. See my answer for portable solution
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:52










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy I tried that it didn't do so on the word splitting.
            – George Udosen
            Dec 4 at 19:36






          • 1




            @GeorgeUdosen Ah, yes, I found the issue - it's because of IFS=. It unsets the variable temporarily, which is what is used for word splitting. IFS defaults to whitespace,tab,and newline. And it's a habit, but also for a good reason, to unset it - if there's a leading whitespace ( line starts with space ) it would be gone without IFS=
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 0:07













          up vote
          7
          down vote










          up vote
          7
          down vote









          Try this sample code to help identify and modify to suit your needs:



          #!/usr/bin/env bash
          set -e
          set -x

          while read -r linenum line
          do
          if [ "$line" = "I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell" ]
          then
          # Process things here
          echo "same"
          fi
          done < "$1"


          Usage:





          • Make executable:



            chmod +x script.sh



          • Place script in any folder then run script by passing a file to it:



            ./script.sh /path/to/data.txt



          Info:





          • -r: Option passed to read command prevents backslash escapes from being interpreted.


          • set -e: Bash option to stop script on first error.


          • set -x: Bash option used to debug the scrtip.


          • "$1": The file variable passed to the script in this case data.txt


          • linenum: variable that holds the line numbers when bash splits the read lines into two variables while the other is passed in via the lin variable.






          share|improve this answer














          Try this sample code to help identify and modify to suit your needs:



          #!/usr/bin/env bash
          set -e
          set -x

          while read -r linenum line
          do
          if [ "$line" = "I am good with programming in C, but beginner in shell" ]
          then
          # Process things here
          echo "same"
          fi
          done < "$1"


          Usage:





          • Make executable:



            chmod +x script.sh



          • Place script in any folder then run script by passing a file to it:



            ./script.sh /path/to/data.txt



          Info:





          • -r: Option passed to read command prevents backslash escapes from being interpreted.


          • set -e: Bash option to stop script on first error.


          • set -x: Bash option used to debug the scrtip.


          • "$1": The file variable passed to the script in this case data.txt


          • linenum: variable that holds the line numbers when bash splits the read lines into two variables while the other is passed in via the lin variable.







          share|improve this answer














          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited Dec 5 at 7:42

























          answered Dec 4 at 18:03









          George Udosen

          19k94266




          19k94266








          • 1




            @George So you're using -d" " to split on whitespace and cut all lines starting from the second one. I'd suggest another way: while IFS= read -r linenum line. The shell will perform wordsplitting on the input line and place first item ( line numbers ) into linenum variable, but all other things will go into line variable. Aside from other things, case statement can be used as alternative to [[ comparison.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:44










          • Can I implement this script in #!/bin/sh ?
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 4 at 18:49










          • @AkshayNandi Yes, but you need to change [[ to [ because [[ is specific to bash. See my answer for portable solution
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:52










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy I tried that it didn't do so on the word splitting.
            – George Udosen
            Dec 4 at 19:36






          • 1




            @GeorgeUdosen Ah, yes, I found the issue - it's because of IFS=. It unsets the variable temporarily, which is what is used for word splitting. IFS defaults to whitespace,tab,and newline. And it's a habit, but also for a good reason, to unset it - if there's a leading whitespace ( line starts with space ) it would be gone without IFS=
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 0:07














          • 1




            @George So you're using -d" " to split on whitespace and cut all lines starting from the second one. I'd suggest another way: while IFS= read -r linenum line. The shell will perform wordsplitting on the input line and place first item ( line numbers ) into linenum variable, but all other things will go into line variable. Aside from other things, case statement can be used as alternative to [[ comparison.
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:44










          • Can I implement this script in #!/bin/sh ?
            – ShellyBelly
            Dec 4 at 18:49










          • @AkshayNandi Yes, but you need to change [[ to [ because [[ is specific to bash. See my answer for portable solution
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 4 at 18:52










          • @SergiyKolodyazhnyy I tried that it didn't do so on the word splitting.
            – George Udosen
            Dec 4 at 19:36






          • 1




            @GeorgeUdosen Ah, yes, I found the issue - it's because of IFS=. It unsets the variable temporarily, which is what is used for word splitting. IFS defaults to whitespace,tab,and newline. And it's a habit, but also for a good reason, to unset it - if there's a leading whitespace ( line starts with space ) it would be gone without IFS=
            – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
            Dec 5 at 0:07








          1




          1




          @George So you're using -d" " to split on whitespace and cut all lines starting from the second one. I'd suggest another way: while IFS= read -r linenum line. The shell will perform wordsplitting on the input line and place first item ( line numbers ) into linenum variable, but all other things will go into line variable. Aside from other things, case statement can be used as alternative to [[ comparison.
          – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
          Dec 4 at 18:44




          @George So you're using -d" " to split on whitespace and cut all lines starting from the second one. I'd suggest another way: while IFS= read -r linenum line. The shell will perform wordsplitting on the input line and place first item ( line numbers ) into linenum variable, but all other things will go into line variable. Aside from other things, case statement can be used as alternative to [[ comparison.
          – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
          Dec 4 at 18:44












          Can I implement this script in #!/bin/sh ?
          – ShellyBelly
          Dec 4 at 18:49




          Can I implement this script in #!/bin/sh ?
          – ShellyBelly
          Dec 4 at 18:49












          @AkshayNandi Yes, but you need to change [[ to [ because [[ is specific to bash. See my answer for portable solution
          – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
          Dec 4 at 18:52




          @AkshayNandi Yes, but you need to change [[ to [ because [[ is specific to bash. See my answer for portable solution
          – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
          Dec 4 at 18:52












          @SergiyKolodyazhnyy I tried that it didn't do so on the word splitting.
          – George Udosen
          Dec 4 at 19:36




          @SergiyKolodyazhnyy I tried that it didn't do so on the word splitting.
          – George Udosen
          Dec 4 at 19:36




          1




          1




          @GeorgeUdosen Ah, yes, I found the issue - it's because of IFS=. It unsets the variable temporarily, which is what is used for word splitting. IFS defaults to whitespace,tab,and newline. And it's a habit, but also for a good reason, to unset it - if there's a leading whitespace ( line starts with space ) it would be gone without IFS=
          – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
          Dec 5 at 0:07




          @GeorgeUdosen Ah, yes, I found the issue - it's because of IFS=. It unsets the variable temporarily, which is what is used for word splitting. IFS defaults to whitespace,tab,and newline. And it's a habit, but also for a good reason, to unset it - if there's a leading whitespace ( line starts with space ) it would be gone without IFS=
          – Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
          Dec 5 at 0:07


















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