How do you determine the root device if /dev/root is missing?
On the distribution that I am using right now, Arch Linux ARM, Linux is launched without an initial RAM disk, meaning the kernel does all the work in mounting the root filesystem. This system is installed on an SD card and it has a script on it that needs to determine the device node of the filesystem that it resides on. This device node can change depending on how I boot the device up (e.g., I attach it to another device that is already running).
I am able to determine the mount point using df -k --output=target ${0} | sed "1d"
. To determine the source device, I run df -k --output=source ${0} | sed "1d"
. If I've booted into Arch Linux, the result of that last command spits out /dev/root
, which does not exist. Sure, on some systems, udev will create a symbolic link from /dev/root
to the real root device, but mine doesn't do that. I could look at the contents of /proc/cmdline
but that stays the same throughout a kernel's uptime, so that means it isn't reliable.
When I get /dev/root
, how can I determine the real underlying block device it stands in place for?
filesystems mount
add a comment |
On the distribution that I am using right now, Arch Linux ARM, Linux is launched without an initial RAM disk, meaning the kernel does all the work in mounting the root filesystem. This system is installed on an SD card and it has a script on it that needs to determine the device node of the filesystem that it resides on. This device node can change depending on how I boot the device up (e.g., I attach it to another device that is already running).
I am able to determine the mount point using df -k --output=target ${0} | sed "1d"
. To determine the source device, I run df -k --output=source ${0} | sed "1d"
. If I've booted into Arch Linux, the result of that last command spits out /dev/root
, which does not exist. Sure, on some systems, udev will create a symbolic link from /dev/root
to the real root device, but mine doesn't do that. I could look at the contents of /proc/cmdline
but that stays the same throughout a kernel's uptime, so that means it isn't reliable.
When I get /dev/root
, how can I determine the real underlying block device it stands in place for?
filesystems mount
(1) Obviously I’m not understanding a lot of this. AFAIK, the mount point for the root filesystem is always/
— why do you need to have a command to “determine the mount point” for the root filesystem? (2) What is${0}
here? Why are you saying${0}
instead of$0
, or, better yet,"$0"
? (3) Your question is about filenames / pathnames. Do those change if you rundf
without the-k
? If so, please explain how. If not, consider leaving off the-k
, because it’s clutter. (4) If you saydf /
, what do you get? In what respect does that not answer your question? … (Cont’d)
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … (5) You say, “the contents of/proc/cmdline
… stays the same throughout a kernel’s uptime, so that means it isn’t reliable.” Huh? How is a stable value unreliable? (6) Does the output ofmount
(orcat /proc/mounts
) ever show the information you want? If not, slow down, stop, go back and start over. If the output ofmount
never shows the information you want, then I have no idea what you want, and probably everybody else is confused too, … (Cont’d)
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … and you are highly unlikely to get a satisfactory answer until you explain your requirement more clearly. OTOH, if the output ofmount
sometimes shows the information you want, please give us an example ofmount
output that doesn’t show the information you want, and explain when you get that instead of the useful output. (7) Please do not respond in comments; edit your question to make it clearer and more complete.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
add a comment |
On the distribution that I am using right now, Arch Linux ARM, Linux is launched without an initial RAM disk, meaning the kernel does all the work in mounting the root filesystem. This system is installed on an SD card and it has a script on it that needs to determine the device node of the filesystem that it resides on. This device node can change depending on how I boot the device up (e.g., I attach it to another device that is already running).
I am able to determine the mount point using df -k --output=target ${0} | sed "1d"
. To determine the source device, I run df -k --output=source ${0} | sed "1d"
. If I've booted into Arch Linux, the result of that last command spits out /dev/root
, which does not exist. Sure, on some systems, udev will create a symbolic link from /dev/root
to the real root device, but mine doesn't do that. I could look at the contents of /proc/cmdline
but that stays the same throughout a kernel's uptime, so that means it isn't reliable.
When I get /dev/root
, how can I determine the real underlying block device it stands in place for?
filesystems mount
On the distribution that I am using right now, Arch Linux ARM, Linux is launched without an initial RAM disk, meaning the kernel does all the work in mounting the root filesystem. This system is installed on an SD card and it has a script on it that needs to determine the device node of the filesystem that it resides on. This device node can change depending on how I boot the device up (e.g., I attach it to another device that is already running).
I am able to determine the mount point using df -k --output=target ${0} | sed "1d"
. To determine the source device, I run df -k --output=source ${0} | sed "1d"
. If I've booted into Arch Linux, the result of that last command spits out /dev/root
, which does not exist. Sure, on some systems, udev will create a symbolic link from /dev/root
to the real root device, but mine doesn't do that. I could look at the contents of /proc/cmdline
but that stays the same throughout a kernel's uptime, so that means it isn't reliable.
When I get /dev/root
, how can I determine the real underlying block device it stands in place for?
filesystems mount
filesystems mount
asked May 28 '17 at 20:23
MelabMelab
3421921
3421921
(1) Obviously I’m not understanding a lot of this. AFAIK, the mount point for the root filesystem is always/
— why do you need to have a command to “determine the mount point” for the root filesystem? (2) What is${0}
here? Why are you saying${0}
instead of$0
, or, better yet,"$0"
? (3) Your question is about filenames / pathnames. Do those change if you rundf
without the-k
? If so, please explain how. If not, consider leaving off the-k
, because it’s clutter. (4) If you saydf /
, what do you get? In what respect does that not answer your question? … (Cont’d)
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … (5) You say, “the contents of/proc/cmdline
… stays the same throughout a kernel’s uptime, so that means it isn’t reliable.” Huh? How is a stable value unreliable? (6) Does the output ofmount
(orcat /proc/mounts
) ever show the information you want? If not, slow down, stop, go back and start over. If the output ofmount
never shows the information you want, then I have no idea what you want, and probably everybody else is confused too, … (Cont’d)
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … and you are highly unlikely to get a satisfactory answer until you explain your requirement more clearly. OTOH, if the output ofmount
sometimes shows the information you want, please give us an example ofmount
output that doesn’t show the information you want, and explain when you get that instead of the useful output. (7) Please do not respond in comments; edit your question to make it clearer and more complete.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
add a comment |
(1) Obviously I’m not understanding a lot of this. AFAIK, the mount point for the root filesystem is always/
— why do you need to have a command to “determine the mount point” for the root filesystem? (2) What is${0}
here? Why are you saying${0}
instead of$0
, or, better yet,"$0"
? (3) Your question is about filenames / pathnames. Do those change if you rundf
without the-k
? If so, please explain how. If not, consider leaving off the-k
, because it’s clutter. (4) If you saydf /
, what do you get? In what respect does that not answer your question? … (Cont’d)
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … (5) You say, “the contents of/proc/cmdline
… stays the same throughout a kernel’s uptime, so that means it isn’t reliable.” Huh? How is a stable value unreliable? (6) Does the output ofmount
(orcat /proc/mounts
) ever show the information you want? If not, slow down, stop, go back and start over. If the output ofmount
never shows the information you want, then I have no idea what you want, and probably everybody else is confused too, … (Cont’d)
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … and you are highly unlikely to get a satisfactory answer until you explain your requirement more clearly. OTOH, if the output ofmount
sometimes shows the information you want, please give us an example ofmount
output that doesn’t show the information you want, and explain when you get that instead of the useful output. (7) Please do not respond in comments; edit your question to make it clearer and more complete.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(1) Obviously I’m not understanding a lot of this. AFAIK, the mount point for the root filesystem is always
/
— why do you need to have a command to “determine the mount point” for the root filesystem? (2) What is ${0}
here? Why are you saying ${0}
instead of $0
, or, better yet, "$0"
? (3) Your question is about filenames / pathnames. Do those change if you run df
without the -k
? If so, please explain how. If not, consider leaving off the -k
, because it’s clutter. (4) If you say df /
, what do you get? In what respect does that not answer your question? … (Cont’d)– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(1) Obviously I’m not understanding a lot of this. AFAIK, the mount point for the root filesystem is always
/
— why do you need to have a command to “determine the mount point” for the root filesystem? (2) What is ${0}
here? Why are you saying ${0}
instead of $0
, or, better yet, "$0"
? (3) Your question is about filenames / pathnames. Do those change if you run df
without the -k
? If so, please explain how. If not, consider leaving off the -k
, because it’s clutter. (4) If you say df /
, what do you get? In what respect does that not answer your question? … (Cont’d)– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … (5) You say, “the contents of
/proc/cmdline
… stays the same throughout a kernel’s uptime, so that means it isn’t reliable.” Huh? How is a stable value unreliable? (6) Does the output of mount
(or cat /proc/mounts
) ever show the information you want? If not, slow down, stop, go back and start over. If the output of mount
never shows the information you want, then I have no idea what you want, and probably everybody else is confused too, … (Cont’d)– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … (5) You say, “the contents of
/proc/cmdline
… stays the same throughout a kernel’s uptime, so that means it isn’t reliable.” Huh? How is a stable value unreliable? (6) Does the output of mount
(or cat /proc/mounts
) ever show the information you want? If not, slow down, stop, go back and start over. If the output of mount
never shows the information you want, then I have no idea what you want, and probably everybody else is confused too, … (Cont’d)– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … and you are highly unlikely to get a satisfactory answer until you explain your requirement more clearly. OTOH, if the output of
mount
sometimes shows the information you want, please give us an example of mount
output that doesn’t show the information you want, and explain when you get that instead of the useful output. (7) Please do not respond in comments; edit your question to make it clearer and more complete.– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … and you are highly unlikely to get a satisfactory answer until you explain your requirement more clearly. OTOH, if the output of
mount
sometimes shows the information you want, please give us an example of mount
output that doesn’t show the information you want, and explain when you get that instead of the useful output. (7) Please do not respond in comments; edit your question to make it clearer and more complete.– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
add a comment |
5 Answers
5
active
oldest
votes
The mount
command will show it:
mount | sed -n 's|^/dev/(.*) on / .*|1|p'
Nope! The output ofmount
is unreliable and difficult to process with a script.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:09
The above will give you the block device the root filesystem is on ...
– Mike Redrobe
Jun 30 '17 at 11:53
add a comment |
Assuming there's a file at /etc/fstab
sudo cat /etc/fstab | grep 's/s'
will give you an fstab
entry to the block device mounted on /
.
That is not reliable at all. If I was asking aboutfstab
, then this might be a good answer.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:08
Agreed, there is no less reliable source for mounted information than /etc/fstab, I never use it in any of my programs since it has nothing to do with what is actually mounted at this moment on the running system.
– Lizardx
Mar 18 '18 at 20:41
add a comment |
Answer from the comments here is very simple. Just call:
findmnt -n -o SOURCE /
Provided that findmnt
is present...
add a comment |
You can use stat /
and inspect the device major/minor number or with the help of the rdev
command get this interpreted automatically.
See here for various possible workarounds with problems of that method: free-electrons.com/blog/find-root-device
– eckes
May 28 '17 at 21:18
Related: How to determine whether a Linux filesystem belongs to a running system or not.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:00
add a comment |
Kernel logs
Do a:
dmesg
First, it might be explicitly given on the kernel CLI at the very start of boot:
Command line: root=/dev/vda ...
Otherwise, at the end of boot, if rootfs is a disk and not initrd / initramfs, the kernel says:
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) on device 254:0.
so we then find that:
find /proc /sys -iname '*254:0*'
and then determine what it actually maps through with:
ls -l /sys/dev/block/254:0
output:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jan 30 15:59 /sys/dev/block/254:0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/virtio4/block/vda
Tested with this QEMU + Buildroot setup.
add a comment |
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5 Answers
5
active
oldest
votes
5 Answers
5
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
The mount
command will show it:
mount | sed -n 's|^/dev/(.*) on / .*|1|p'
Nope! The output ofmount
is unreliable and difficult to process with a script.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:09
The above will give you the block device the root filesystem is on ...
– Mike Redrobe
Jun 30 '17 at 11:53
add a comment |
The mount
command will show it:
mount | sed -n 's|^/dev/(.*) on / .*|1|p'
Nope! The output ofmount
is unreliable and difficult to process with a script.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:09
The above will give you the block device the root filesystem is on ...
– Mike Redrobe
Jun 30 '17 at 11:53
add a comment |
The mount
command will show it:
mount | sed -n 's|^/dev/(.*) on / .*|1|p'
The mount
command will show it:
mount | sed -n 's|^/dev/(.*) on / .*|1|p'
answered Jun 29 '17 at 8:28
Mike RedrobeMike Redrobe
1214
1214
Nope! The output ofmount
is unreliable and difficult to process with a script.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:09
The above will give you the block device the root filesystem is on ...
– Mike Redrobe
Jun 30 '17 at 11:53
add a comment |
Nope! The output ofmount
is unreliable and difficult to process with a script.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:09
The above will give you the block device the root filesystem is on ...
– Mike Redrobe
Jun 30 '17 at 11:53
Nope! The output of
mount
is unreliable and difficult to process with a script.– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:09
Nope! The output of
mount
is unreliable and difficult to process with a script.– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:09
The above will give you the block device the root filesystem is on ...
– Mike Redrobe
Jun 30 '17 at 11:53
The above will give you the block device the root filesystem is on ...
– Mike Redrobe
Jun 30 '17 at 11:53
add a comment |
Assuming there's a file at /etc/fstab
sudo cat /etc/fstab | grep 's/s'
will give you an fstab
entry to the block device mounted on /
.
That is not reliable at all. If I was asking aboutfstab
, then this might be a good answer.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:08
Agreed, there is no less reliable source for mounted information than /etc/fstab, I never use it in any of my programs since it has nothing to do with what is actually mounted at this moment on the running system.
– Lizardx
Mar 18 '18 at 20:41
add a comment |
Assuming there's a file at /etc/fstab
sudo cat /etc/fstab | grep 's/s'
will give you an fstab
entry to the block device mounted on /
.
That is not reliable at all. If I was asking aboutfstab
, then this might be a good answer.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:08
Agreed, there is no less reliable source for mounted information than /etc/fstab, I never use it in any of my programs since it has nothing to do with what is actually mounted at this moment on the running system.
– Lizardx
Mar 18 '18 at 20:41
add a comment |
Assuming there's a file at /etc/fstab
sudo cat /etc/fstab | grep 's/s'
will give you an fstab
entry to the block device mounted on /
.
Assuming there's a file at /etc/fstab
sudo cat /etc/fstab | grep 's/s'
will give you an fstab
entry to the block device mounted on /
.
answered May 28 '17 at 21:25
Kris MolinariKris Molinari
1516
1516
That is not reliable at all. If I was asking aboutfstab
, then this might be a good answer.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:08
Agreed, there is no less reliable source for mounted information than /etc/fstab, I never use it in any of my programs since it has nothing to do with what is actually mounted at this moment on the running system.
– Lizardx
Mar 18 '18 at 20:41
add a comment |
That is not reliable at all. If I was asking aboutfstab
, then this might be a good answer.
– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:08
Agreed, there is no less reliable source for mounted information than /etc/fstab, I never use it in any of my programs since it has nothing to do with what is actually mounted at this moment on the running system.
– Lizardx
Mar 18 '18 at 20:41
That is not reliable at all. If I was asking about
fstab
, then this might be a good answer.– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:08
That is not reliable at all. If I was asking about
fstab
, then this might be a good answer.– Melab
Jun 29 '17 at 15:08
Agreed, there is no less reliable source for mounted information than /etc/fstab, I never use it in any of my programs since it has nothing to do with what is actually mounted at this moment on the running system.
– Lizardx
Mar 18 '18 at 20:41
Agreed, there is no less reliable source for mounted information than /etc/fstab, I never use it in any of my programs since it has nothing to do with what is actually mounted at this moment on the running system.
– Lizardx
Mar 18 '18 at 20:41
add a comment |
Answer from the comments here is very simple. Just call:
findmnt -n -o SOURCE /
Provided that findmnt
is present...
add a comment |
Answer from the comments here is very simple. Just call:
findmnt -n -o SOURCE /
Provided that findmnt
is present...
add a comment |
Answer from the comments here is very simple. Just call:
findmnt -n -o SOURCE /
Provided that findmnt
is present...
Answer from the comments here is very simple. Just call:
findmnt -n -o SOURCE /
Provided that findmnt
is present...
answered Sep 13 '18 at 13:15
KlausKlaus
111
111
add a comment |
add a comment |
You can use stat /
and inspect the device major/minor number or with the help of the rdev
command get this interpreted automatically.
See here for various possible workarounds with problems of that method: free-electrons.com/blog/find-root-device
– eckes
May 28 '17 at 21:18
Related: How to determine whether a Linux filesystem belongs to a running system or not.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:00
add a comment |
You can use stat /
and inspect the device major/minor number or with the help of the rdev
command get this interpreted automatically.
See here for various possible workarounds with problems of that method: free-electrons.com/blog/find-root-device
– eckes
May 28 '17 at 21:18
Related: How to determine whether a Linux filesystem belongs to a running system or not.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:00
add a comment |
You can use stat /
and inspect the device major/minor number or with the help of the rdev
command get this interpreted automatically.
You can use stat /
and inspect the device major/minor number or with the help of the rdev
command get this interpreted automatically.
answered May 28 '17 at 21:16
eckeseckes
826716
826716
See here for various possible workarounds with problems of that method: free-electrons.com/blog/find-root-device
– eckes
May 28 '17 at 21:18
Related: How to determine whether a Linux filesystem belongs to a running system or not.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:00
add a comment |
See here for various possible workarounds with problems of that method: free-electrons.com/blog/find-root-device
– eckes
May 28 '17 at 21:18
Related: How to determine whether a Linux filesystem belongs to a running system or not.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:00
See here for various possible workarounds with problems of that method: free-electrons.com/blog/find-root-device
– eckes
May 28 '17 at 21:18
See here for various possible workarounds with problems of that method: free-electrons.com/blog/find-root-device
– eckes
May 28 '17 at 21:18
Related: How to determine whether a Linux filesystem belongs to a running system or not.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:00
Related: How to determine whether a Linux filesystem belongs to a running system or not.
– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:00
add a comment |
Kernel logs
Do a:
dmesg
First, it might be explicitly given on the kernel CLI at the very start of boot:
Command line: root=/dev/vda ...
Otherwise, at the end of boot, if rootfs is a disk and not initrd / initramfs, the kernel says:
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) on device 254:0.
so we then find that:
find /proc /sys -iname '*254:0*'
and then determine what it actually maps through with:
ls -l /sys/dev/block/254:0
output:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jan 30 15:59 /sys/dev/block/254:0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/virtio4/block/vda
Tested with this QEMU + Buildroot setup.
add a comment |
Kernel logs
Do a:
dmesg
First, it might be explicitly given on the kernel CLI at the very start of boot:
Command line: root=/dev/vda ...
Otherwise, at the end of boot, if rootfs is a disk and not initrd / initramfs, the kernel says:
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) on device 254:0.
so we then find that:
find /proc /sys -iname '*254:0*'
and then determine what it actually maps through with:
ls -l /sys/dev/block/254:0
output:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jan 30 15:59 /sys/dev/block/254:0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/virtio4/block/vda
Tested with this QEMU + Buildroot setup.
add a comment |
Kernel logs
Do a:
dmesg
First, it might be explicitly given on the kernel CLI at the very start of boot:
Command line: root=/dev/vda ...
Otherwise, at the end of boot, if rootfs is a disk and not initrd / initramfs, the kernel says:
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) on device 254:0.
so we then find that:
find /proc /sys -iname '*254:0*'
and then determine what it actually maps through with:
ls -l /sys/dev/block/254:0
output:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jan 30 15:59 /sys/dev/block/254:0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/virtio4/block/vda
Tested with this QEMU + Buildroot setup.
Kernel logs
Do a:
dmesg
First, it might be explicitly given on the kernel CLI at the very start of boot:
Command line: root=/dev/vda ...
Otherwise, at the end of boot, if rootfs is a disk and not initrd / initramfs, the kernel says:
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) on device 254:0.
so we then find that:
find /proc /sys -iname '*254:0*'
and then determine what it actually maps through with:
ls -l /sys/dev/block/254:0
output:
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jan 30 15:59 /sys/dev/block/254:0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/virtio4/block/vda
Tested with this QEMU + Buildroot setup.
answered Jan 30 at 16:04
Ciro Santilli 新疆改造中心 六四事件 法轮功Ciro Santilli 新疆改造中心 六四事件 法轮功
4,13322737
4,13322737
add a comment |
add a comment |
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(1) Obviously I’m not understanding a lot of this. AFAIK, the mount point for the root filesystem is always
/
— why do you need to have a command to “determine the mount point” for the root filesystem? (2) What is${0}
here? Why are you saying${0}
instead of$0
, or, better yet,"$0"
? (3) Your question is about filenames / pathnames. Do those change if you rundf
without the-k
? If so, please explain how. If not, consider leaving off the-k
, because it’s clutter. (4) If you saydf /
, what do you get? In what respect does that not answer your question? … (Cont’d)– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … (5) You say, “the contents of
/proc/cmdline
… stays the same throughout a kernel’s uptime, so that means it isn’t reliable.” Huh? How is a stable value unreliable? (6) Does the output ofmount
(orcat /proc/mounts
) ever show the information you want? If not, slow down, stop, go back and start over. If the output ofmount
never shows the information you want, then I have no idea what you want, and probably everybody else is confused too, … (Cont’d)– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01
(Cont’d) … and you are highly unlikely to get a satisfactory answer until you explain your requirement more clearly. OTOH, if the output of
mount
sometimes shows the information you want, please give us an example ofmount
output that doesn’t show the information you want, and explain when you get that instead of the useful output. (7) Please do not respond in comments; edit your question to make it clearer and more complete.– Scott
Jun 30 '17 at 6:01