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Given a string, for example "I hate AI", I need to find out if the sentence is in English, German or French. Unigram Model makes the prediction on the basis of each character frequency in a training text, while Bigram model makes prediction based on what character follows another character.

The following code has 2 methods 1. getBigramResult() 2. getUnigramResult().

Both the methods take an ArrayList<Character> as a parameter and return a HashMap<Language,Double> with Key as the Language (French, English, German) and the probability associated with each language for the given character list as the value. The two methods are almost the same except for

1. 
   

   The for loop->

   
   
   

   for(int j = 0; j < textCharList.size() - 1; j++)// getBigramResult()
   
   
   
   for(int j=0; j<textCharList.size(); j++)// getUnigramResult()
   
   

   
   


2. 
   

   The if condition->

   
   
   

   if(textCharList.get(i) !='+' && textCharList.get(i+1) !='+')// getBigramResult()
   
   
   
   if(textCharList.get(i)!='+')// getUnigramResult()
   
   

   
   


3. 
   

   The probability calculating function

   
   
   

   getConditionalProbability(textCharacter.get(i),textCharacter.get(i+1)) // getBigramResult()
   
   
   
   getProbability(textCharacter.get(i))// getUnigramResult()
   
   

   
   



4. getBigramResult() works on a class call BigramV2 and getUnigramResult() works on a class call Unigram.

The code of the methods are as follows

public static HashMap<Language, Double> getBigramResult(ArrayList<Character> textCharList) {

    HashMap<Language, Double> totalProbabilities = new HashMap<Language, Double>();

    for (int j = 0; j < textCharList.size() - 1; j++) {

        if (textCharList.get(j) != '+' && textCharList.get(j + 1) != '+') {

            FileHandler.writeSentences("BIGRAM :"+textCharList.get(j)+""+textCharList.get(j + 1),false);

            for (int k = 0; k < biGramList.size(); k++) {

                BiGramV2 temp = biGramList.get(k);

                double conditionalProbability = Math.log10(temp.getConditionalProbabilty(textCharList.get(j),

                        textCharList.get(j + 1)));

                updateTotalProbabilities(totalProbabilities,temp.getLanguage(),conditionalProbability);

                FileHandler.writeSentences(temp.getLanguage().toString()+ ": p("+textCharList.get(j+1)+"|"+textCharList.get(j) +") ="+conditionalProbability+"==> log prob of sentence so far: " +totalProbabilities.get(temp.getLanguage()),false);

            }

            FileHandler.writeSentences("",false);

        }

    }

    return totalProbabilities;

}



public static HashMap<Language, Double> getUnigramResult(ArrayList<Character> textCharList) {

    HashMap<Language, Double> totalProbabilities = new HashMap<Language, Double>();

    for (int j = 0; j < textCharList.size(); j++) {

        if (textCharList.get(j) != '+') {

            FileHandler.writeSentences("UNIGRAM :"+textCharList.get(j),false);

            for (int k = 0; k < uniGramList.size(); k++) {

                Unigram temp = uniGramList.get(k);

                double conditionalProbability = Math.log10(temp.getProbabilty(textCharList.get(j)));

                updateTotalProbabilities(totalProbabilities,temp.getLanguage(),conditionalProbability);

                FileHandler.writeSentences(temp.getLanguage().toString()+ ": p("+textCharList.get(j)+") ="+conditionalProbability+"==> log prob of sentence so far: " +totalProbabilities.get(temp.getLanguage()),false);



            }

            FileHandler.writeSentences("",false);

        }

    }

    return totalProbabilities;

}

Both the above methods getBigramResult() and getUnigramResult() are very similar, and I feel like it's not design efficient, but I am not able to refactor them because of the different outer for-loop, if block and different probability calculating methods.

My BiGramV2 class

public class BiGramV2  {

private double delta;

private Language language;



public BiGramV2(double delta, Language language) {

    this.delta = delta;

    this.language = language;

}



public static List<Character> dictCharacters = Arrays.asList('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k',

        'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z');

double storage = new double[dictCharacters.size()][dictCharacters.size()];

private double countOfRows = new double[dictCharacters.size()];



public void fit(List<Character> characters) {

    for (int i = 0; i < characters.size() - 1; i++) {

    if (characters.get(i) != '+' && characters.get(i + 1) != '+')

    {

            int rowNo = dictCharacters.indexOf(characters.get(i));

            int columnNo = dictCharacters.indexOf(characters.get(i + 1));

            storage[rowNo][columnNo]++;

            countOfRows[rowNo]++;

        }



    }



}



public Language getLanguage()

{

    return language;// Enum of GERMAN, FRENCH and ENGLISH

}



public double getConditionalProbabilty(char first, char second)

{

    int rowNo = dictCharacters.indexOf(first);

    int columnNo = dictCharacters.indexOf(second);

    double numerator=storage[rowNo][columnNo] + delta;

    double denominator=countOfRows[rowNo]+ (delta*dictCharacters.size());

    double conditionalProbability=numerator/denominator;

    return conditionalProbability;

}}

And my Unigram Class is

public class Unigram {



HashMap<Character,Integer> storage = new HashMap<Character,Integer>();

private double delta;

private Language language;

private int noOfCharacters=0;

public static List<Character> dictCharacters = Arrays.asList('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k',

        'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z');



public Unigram(double delta, Language language) {

    this.delta = delta;

    this.language = language;

}



public Language getLanguage()

{

    return language;

}



public void fit(List<Character> characters) 

{

    for (int i = 0; i < characters.size() ; i++) {

        if (characters.get(i) != '+')

        {

            storage.put(characters.get(i), storage.getOrDefault(characters.get(i), 0)+1);

            noOfCharacters++;

        }

    }



}



public double getProbabilty(char first)

{



    double numerator=storage.get(first) + delta;

    double denominator=noOfCharacters+ (delta*dictCharacters.size());

    double probability=numerator/denominator;

    return probability;

}

}

Any suggestion on my code would be appreciated.